Lymphoedema is a chronic condition that occurs when the lymphatic system is unable to effectively drain lymph fluid from the tissues, leading to persistent swelling. Without appropriate management, lymphoedema can progress over time and become more difficult to control.

Some people are born with lymphatic systems that are underdeveloped or incomplete. This is known as primary lymphoedema, and symptoms may present at birth, during adolescence or later in adulthood.

More commonly, lymphoedema develops as a result of acquired lymphatic failure. This is referred to as secondary lymphoedema and may occur following trauma, infection, surgery or burns, or as a consequence of cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy or lymph node dissection.

Another common cause of lower-limb swelling is chronic venous insufficiency, in which the veins are unable to return blood effectively to the heart. This is more prevalent in people who are older and/or overweight and is associated with ageing venous valves, reduced mobility, high blood pressure, heart or kidney disease and the side effects of certain medications.
Dependent oedema is a descriptive term rather than a diagnosis and refers to swelling that develops in gravity-dependent areas of the body, most commonly the lower legs and ankles. It may occur after prolonged sitting or standing, reduced mobility, long-haul travel, or as a result of venous insufficiency, systemic illness or medication effects. Venous and lymphatic dysfunction frequently coexist and require careful assessment to guide appropriate treatment.

Swelling is most commonly seen in the arms or legs, but lymphoedema can also affect the chest, abdomen, face or genital area. Alongside visible swelling, people may experience heaviness, tightness, aching, restricted movement, skin thickening and recurrent infections such as cellulitis. Without treatment, lymphoedema can progress, leading to tissue changes that are harder to reverse.

Lymphoedema management focuses on controlling swelling, protecting skin integrity and maintaining the best possible quality of life. A personalised treatment plan may include Manual Lymphatic Drainage (MLD) to stimulate lymph flow, compression therapy using garments or bandaging to support drainage, and tailored exercise programmes to improve circulation and mobility. Specialist skin care plays a vital role in reducing the risk of infection.

Additional therapies such as deep oscillation therapy, kinesiology taping and scar therapy may also be used to support treatment outcomes, soften fibrotic tissue and aid post-surgical or post-treatment recovery. Used together, these approaches can reduce swelling, relieve pressure, prevent complications and restore functional movement.

If you are living with lymphoedema or chronic swelling, I can help you develop a personalised lymphoedema treatment plan to manage swelling, protect your skin and improve comfort and mobility — so you can feel more confident in your day-to-day life.